how does douglass refute this counterclaim?

What I ask for the negro, he explained in 1865, is not benevolence, not pity, not sympathy, but simply justice.[48]. [60] He feared that such a development among black Americans likewise would be the effect of continuing failures to do justice by American institutions, as it could result also from the disaffection propagated by black advocates of emigration, despairing of Americas prospects for reform. An effective argumentative essay will bring up counterclaims for two reasons: Bringing up counterclaims provides the author with a sense . Most urgently, he taught them to reject the spirit of alienation, which he saw as the greatest danger to any peoples liberation and elevation. The first of his positive reversals occurred as he was sent to serve as a house slave in Baltimore, where, aided by his kindly slavemistress Sophia Auld, he learned the rudiments of literacy. James Madison, the commonly acknowledged Father of the Constitution, in a speech at the Constitutional Convention denounced slavery grounded in the mere distinction of colour as the most oppressive dominion ever exercised by man over man.[6] Likewise, Thomas Jefferson, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence, in his original draft of that document denounced slavery (not only the slave trade) as a cruel war against human naturean institution creating and depending on a market, he emphasized to excite outrage in his readers, where MEN should be bought & sold. All the major figures of the Founding forwarded similar denunciations of slavery. Tell why all or part of the opposing point of view may be reasonable, plausible, or valid, but minimize the opposing position. The power of education was also a key argument in The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, but it was not an argument with a consistent meaning. He attempts to demonstrate this in the Narrative by describing some of the horrific experiences he witnessed. : Da Capo Press, 2001), p. 688. How might a group of people denounce a government policy? IV, pp. Frederick Douglass shows her fast transformation from generosity to hard-heartedness to show the pernicious effect slavery has on white slave owners. Accept the criticism of the counterclaim. Every beating, every death, every malicious act was all recorded for the people of the U.S. to finally see the error of our ways. In assembling together as we have done, our object is not to excite pity for ourselves, but to command respect for our cause, and to obtain justice for our people. An education can open doors that were once closed. In the postwar decades, Douglasss initially bright hopes for rapid, lasting reforms faded as the nations governing majority, weary of conflict, flagged in its commitment to enforcing the civil and political rights of the freedpeople in the ex-rebel states. While this quote is from a credible source (Markkula Center for Applied Ethics), it merely restates the claim and reasoning, rather than providing actual evidence to support it. 29 plumtrees road newtown, ct; popular subdivision names; how to cite the implicit association test If the author's claim is that organ selling should be legalized, an example of an effective counterclaim would be that organ selling should not be legalized because it can drive up the cost of organ transplants, meaning that only the rich could afford to receive a transplant. When Douglass remarked on Americas inexpiable debt to those who had been enslaved, he was not demanding an effort to restore, however imperfectly, the actual and potential material wealth that slavery had stolen from its victims. At the end of this excerpt, what encouraging signs does Douglass find? [6] James Madison, Speech of June 6, 1787, in Records of the Federal Convention of 1787, Vol. When Douglass wrote this book, slavery was still legal in a large portion of the United States. A few of which include inequality, education, and Christianity as the keys to freedom in terms of its true values within the institution of slavery. 386387. Latest answer posted August 20, 2009 at 11:51:14 PM. The first step in her transition from kindness to cruelty is when she is instructed to cease teaching Frederick Douglass to read. All I ask is, give him a chance to stand on his own legs! The climactic reversal in his youth came when he resolved to resist, and successfully resisted, a cruel slavemasters attempt to whip him. https://www.facebook.com/groups/sorliteracyhub, Enter code 3716 for 10% Discount on all ELA and Reading Intervention Programs. Douglas first swam alone in the pool to remove his residual doubts about his fear of water. Drawing upon that faith, he taught black Americans and all other Americans to stand up for justice and to strive for excellence. III, p. 274. In time, Douglass came to see the wisdom in Lincolns prudent statesmanship, as he acknowledged in his most developed reflection on Lincoln, his speech at the unveiling of the Freedmens Monument to Lincoln in 1876. To find an adequate measure of compensation for any wrong, Douglass explained, we must first ascertain the nature and extent of the wrong itself. The extent of the wrongs of slavery over hundreds of years simply beggared any possible response. The principles of natural human rights set forth in the Declaration of Independence, Douglass was convinced, represent a permanent, universal truth as well as the most practically powerful moral and political theory ever conceived. How would you expect obdurate people to respond to advertisements? Evidence is the facts or research to support your claim. Likewise, it went hand-in-hand with his wariness of the moral hazards attendant on whites benevolence. A character which might pass without censure as a slave cannot so pass as a freeman. In that position, Douglasss fame grew rapidly, and with it came controversy and heightened personal danger. So, there you have it - the four parts of an argument: claims, counterclaims, reasons, and evidence. Later, he finds out that while the conditions are slightly better there is still a great deal of injustice. Under its influence, the tender heart became stone, and the lamblike disposition gave way to one of tigerlike fierceness" (page 28). He writes: "Slavery soon proved its ability to divest her of these heavenly qualities. Learn what a claim and counterclaim is in argumentative texts, and study examples of the components of an argument. What was Douglass's purpose in writing his Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave? It was above all in Americas original and unforgettable dedication to those principles that Douglass found reason to love and identify with his country, despite the injustices that he and his people had suffered. 2 - Evidence. IV, p. 253. For the audience? Formulated more precisely, his demand Let [the Negro] alone meant Give him fair play and let him alone, but be sure you give him fair play.[34] In its most general meaning, fair play or justice to black Americans was to be determined by a principle of non-exceptionalism. H e engages in a fight with his master. IV, p. 68 (emphasis in original). Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. [43] True abolition and true liberation, in Douglasss understanding, required the restoration of slaves property rights, not the elimination of all others property. Slavery was an embarrassing time in Americas history. Curiosity may have killed the cat, but it will help you be a good interviewer. What did Frederick Douglass oppose? 3 - Reasons. These will speak for him. The authorsTEACHING ESSAYS BUNDLEincludes the threeprintable and digitalresources students need to mastertheCCSS W.1 argumentative and W.2 informational/explanatory essays. He makes an eloquent case for slavery as an evil and indefensible institution, and he points out as well that it corrupts whites to have such immense power over other human beings. Frederick. III, p. 218 (emphasis added). For example, This view ignores the conclusive evidence that This position is mistaken because, 3. If I told my mom that bit about the Internet access and the Honor Roll, you can bet she would make me prove it by showing it to her. Not transient and fitful effort, but patient, enduring, honest, unremitting, and indefatigable work, into which the whole heart is put. Much of the distinctive greatness of this nation, he continues, is due to its hospitality to just this sort of virtue. Suppose that you are trying to get information from people who equivocate. Douglass debunks the mythology of slavery in his narrative by rebuking the romantic image of slavery with very disturbing imagery, promotes his own views on the intellectual belief of slaves, and exposes the system for promoting the disloyalty among slaves. As for the kind of cradle-to-grave care slaves get, Douglass graphically describes the frequent and brutal beatings his master, Mr. Auld, dealt out, and then discusses his own treatment as a child slave on the plantation. Because of Douglasss quest for freedom, his daring attitude, and determination to learn, he shows us the way through American Slavery in his eyes. This meant first the reintegration of a country still badly divided by sectionalism in the immediate aftermath of the war. Concluding his July Fourth oration in 1852, he reassured his audience, I do not despair of this country. Passage of the bill would signify, he contended, at least a recognition of a great national duty towards a people to whom an immeasurable debt is due. A fair-minded observer could scarcely deny that for many Americans, race still does matter. A reason tells why the claim is made and is supported by the evidence. It is difficult to challenge the accuracy of the first hand account offered. When Hugh Auld, Sophias husband, promptly forbade further instruction for the reason that literacy would forever unfit the boy for slavery, young Frederick gained a revelatory insight into the evil design of slavery and the sure path to liberation. [45] Two things are noteworthy about this proposal. [44] Douglass, We Are Not Yet Quite Free, August 3, 1869, in Douglass Papers, Vol. Debate participants will often prepare counterclaims in order to have a rebuttal ready for their opponent. A great deal is at stake in this critique, and it demands a clear, forthright response: These charges against the Founders are false as well as pernicious. Tell why all or part of the opposing point of view may be reasonable, plausible, or valid, but minimize the opposing position. Protagoras was a Greek philosopher who is widely considered the father of argument and debate. [58] The Blessings of Liberty and Education, in Douglass Papers, Vol. Douglass unveils the atrocious truth about slavery that was hidden for so many years. He can no longer stand his new sense of education and knowledge. Less than 20 inmates were executed in the United States in 2020. Including using the example of Joseph and his brothers, as well as the Israelites being slaves in Egypt (a) In what ways is Douglass's word choice suited to his audience? To remedy the degradation and impoverishment that proceeded from this culture of indolence, Douglass throughout the postwar years insistently extolled the property right and the virtues of free labor that supported it, and he called upon his fellow black Americans in particular to cultivate the self-reliant virtues of industry, productivity, and thrift. Already a member? It opened my eyes to the horrible pit, but to no ladder upon which to get out (47). A few of which include inequality, education, and Christianity as the keys to freedom in terms of its true values within the institution of slavery. Yet, while Douglass narrative describes in vivid detail his experiences of life as a slave, what Douglass intends for his readers to grasp after reading his narrative is something much more profound. He in a sense manipulates the children around him into teaching him how to read and write. In Stevenss plan, lands belonging to the former Confederate states and their soldiers would be deemed forfeited and then distributed in parcels of 40 acres as homesteads to the freedpeople. On the other hand it will be found to contain principles and purposes, entirely hostile to the existence of slavery.[16], Building on the ingenious arguments of the 19th-century legal theorist Lysander Spooner, Douglass argued that the passages in the Constitutions text that admit of some ambiguity, such as the clauses commonly held to concern slavery, must be interpreted in light of the larger ends or objects of the Constitution as set forth in the Preamble. Some of the above points adapted from theHarvard Writing Center. To the enslaved and battered millions [who] have come, suffered, died, and gone, he observed, no recompense can be made. The same was true for those millions living descendents: If the American people could put a school house in every valley; a church on every hill top in the South and supply them with a teacher and a preacher respectively and welcome the descendents of the former slaves to all the moral and intellectual benefits of the one and the other, without money and without price, such a sacrifice would not compensate their children for the terrible wrong done to their fathers and mothers, by their enslavement and enforced degradation.[52]. Above all, the Constitution must be interpreted in light of its commitment to secure the blessings of liberty for all. When you're preparing an argument, make sure to note where you got your evidence. In the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, Douglass is thrown into a new world of knowledge and opportunity, once he learns how to read and write. [11] Douglass, Speech at the American Anti-Slavery Society, May 11, 1847, in The Life and Writings of Frederick Douglass, Vol. In paragraph 5, (b) How does he refute that counterclaim? In other words, rather than attempting to restore what slavery took from its victims in actual or potential acquirements of wealth and status, governments should secure opportunities and lend support for the freedpeoples own efforts in self-improvement and self-elevation. That is provable, because your phone is so old it barely has texting! how does douglass refute this counterclaim? Contrary to conventional wisdom, it's much more costly to execute a person than to imprison them for life" (Andre and Velasquez). "Florida has estimated that the true cost of each execution is approximately $3.2 million, or approximately six times what it would cost to keep that person in prison for all of his or her natural life" (Spangenberg and Walsh 15).